Cats should not eat pickles. Although cucumbers themselves are not toxic to cats, pickles contain high amounts of salt, and often garlic or onions, which are harmful to cats. Eating pickles can lead to salt poisoning, dehydration, stomach upset, vomiting, diarrhea, and even more serious conditions like high blood pressure or anemia in cats. Additionally, the acidic vinegar in pickle brine can upset a cat's stomach. It is best to avoid giving pickles to cats, and if a cat accidentally consumes pickles, veterinary advice should be sought, especially if symptoms like vomiting or lethargy occur.
In short, cats can technically consume cucumbers in small amounts, but pickles—including the juice—are unsafe and not recommended for cats.