Adults generally need between 7 and 9 hours of sleep per night for optimal health. Getting less than 7 hours regularly is linked to negative health outcomes such as weakened immune function, increased risk of chronic diseases, and impaired mental and physical performance. The exact amount within this range can vary by individual based on factors like age, lifestyle, health status, and sleep quality. Older adults typically need about 7 to 8 hours, while younger adults may benefit from up to 9 hours. Consistency in sleep timing and completing full sleep cycles (about 90-minute cycles, with 4 to 6 cycles being ideal) also improve sleep quality and feelings of restfulness.