To build a small retaining wall, follow these key steps:
- Plan and Design: Decide the wall location, length, and height. For walls under 3 feet, a DIY approach using interlocking blocks is common.
- Prepare the Base: Dig a trench for the foundation. The depth depends on the block height and number of rows, typically 4 to 6 inches deep. Lay and compact a gravel or paver base in the trench to create a solid and level foundation.
- Lay the First Row: Place the first row of retaining wall blocks carefully, ensuring each block is level side-to-side and front-to-back. Use a rubber mallet and leveling tools. This row is critical for wall stability.
- Add Drainage Gravel: Place about 3/4" rough gravel behind the blocks and in the hollow parts of blocks if applicable. This prevents water buildup and pressure behind the wall.
- Stack Additional Rows: Add subsequent rows by staggering block seams for strength, checking levels regularly. Apply construction adhesive between blocks if needed for extra stability.
- Backfill and Compact: After each row, add more gravel for drainage and soil to backfill, lightly compacting to secure the blocks.
For small walls, this process can often be completed in a day with basic tools like a level, shovel, tamper, and rubber mallet. More complex or taller walls may require permits or engineer consultation. This summary is based on multiple detailed DIY guides explaining tools, materials, and specific techniques for building strong, durable small retaining walls.
