how will you describe the pathway of oxygen in breathing system

1 day ago 4
Nature

The pathway of oxygen in the breathing system starts when air containing oxygen is inhaled through the nose or mouth. The air travels down the pharynx (throat), then into the trachea (windpipe). From the trachea, air moves into the two main bronchi, each leading into a lung. Within the lungs, the bronchi branch into smaller bronchioles that end in tiny air sacs called alveoli. In the alveoli, oxygen passes through the thin walls by diffusion into the surrounding capillaries and enters the bloodstream. Hemoglobin in red blood cells binds to the oxygen, which is then transported via the bloodstream to the heart and pumped to the rest of the body. At the tissues, oxygen is released from hemoglobin and diffuses into cells for cellular respiration. Carbon dioxide, a waste product, moves back into the blood, travels to the lungs, and is expelled during exhalation. This pathway involves air movement through the nasal or oral cavity → pharynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles → alveoli → diffusion into blood → systemic circulation to tissues. This efficient system ensures oxygen delivery for cellular metabolism and carbon dioxide removal.