what causes keratosis pilaris

Keratosis pilaris is caused by the buildup of a skin protein called keratin. Excess keratin blocks hair follicles or pores in the skin, leading to small, hard bumps often described as "chicken skin" on areas like the upper arms, thighs, cheeks, and buttocks. The exact reason for this keratin buildup is not fully understood, but it is often related to genetic factors and commonly runs in families. It may also be associated with other skin conditions such as eczema or dermatitis. The condition tends to worsen in dry or cold weather when the skin becomes drier. Some theories also suggest a defect in hair shafts and possible involvement of mutations in the filaggrin gene which affects the skin barrier. Hormonal changes and insulin resistance have also been noted as potential contributors in certain cases.