The Fertile Crescent was located in the Middle East, spanning a crescent- shaped region that includes parts of modern-day Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, northern Kuwait, southeastern Turkey, and western Iran. Some definitions of the region also include Egypt and Cyprus. It is situated between the Arabian Desert to the south and the mountains of the Armenian Highland to the north, extending from the Persian Gulf area westward along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers to the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea.