why does the bride stand on the left

The tradition of the bride standing on the left side of the groom during a wedding ceremony dates back to medieval times when the groom needed to keep his right hand free to wield a sword. This was practical for protecting the bride from rival suitors or hostile relatives who might try to interrupt the wedding or "steal" the bride back. The groom standing on the right with his sword hand free symbolized protection, and the bride standing on the left became a place of honor for her. Over time, this practical reason evolved into a symbolic gesture of protection and strength from the groom toward the bride. Today, couples may choose to stand wherever they prefer, but the tradition remains rooted in this historical context of defense and chivalry.