Feeling sick after drinking water can be caused by several factors, including issues with the water itself, underlying health conditions, or your body's response to the way you drink water.
Common Causes
- Water Contamination: Drinking water contaminated with bacteria, parasites, or heavy metals can lead to stomach upset, nausea, or more serious gastrointestinal problems. Common culprits include E. coli, Giardia, lead, and arsenic.
- Acid Reflux or GERD: If you have acid reflux, drinking water may add pressure to your stomach, pushing acid upward and causing discomfort or nausea. This is especially common if the lower esophageal sphincter is weakened.
- Electrolyte Imbalance or Overhydration: Drinking too much water too quickly, especially after exercise, can dilute electrolytes in your body, leading to nausea, muscle cramps, or confusion. This condition is known as hyponatremia or water intoxication.
- Temperature Sensitivity: Consuming very cold water may temporarily shock the stomach, causing mild cramping or nausea. Some people are especially sensitive to the temperature difference.
- Digestive Disorders: Conditions such as gastritis, gastroparesis, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), or ulcers can make drinking water uncomfortable or cause nausea.
- Drinking on an Empty Stomach: For some, drinking water first thing in the morning or on an empty stomach can trigger a nausea response due to stomach sensitivity.
- Pregnancy: Hormonal changes, especially during the first trimester, can lead to morning sickness, where even water can cause queasiness.
- Dehydration: Paradoxically, when you are dehydrated, your stomach and digestive system may become more sensitive, making it uncomfortable to drink water quickly.
What to Do
- Try sipping water slowly rather than drinking large amounts at once.
- Drink room-temperature water if you are sensitive to temperature.
- Consider an electrolyte drink after intense exercise or sweating.
- If the problem persists, or you have other symptoms (like vomiting, persistent pain, or confusion), consult a healthcare provider as it could indicate an underlying health issue.
