why was columbus day removed

Columbus Day has been removed or replaced in many places primarily due to controversy surrounding Christopher Columbus's role in colonization and the negative impact on Indigenous populations. Critics argue that Columbus's arrival led to the forceful taking of lands, widespread death, and the destruction of Indigenous cultures. This has led to the establishment of Indigenous Peoples' Day as an alternative or dual celebration to honor the resilience and sovereignty of Indigenous communities instead of celebrating Columbus. The shift gained federal recognition starting with President Joe Biden in 2021, who officially recognized both Columbus Day and Indigenous Peoples' Day. However, in 2025, President Donald Trump issued a proclamation returning to a sole celebration of Columbus Day, viewing opposition to Columbus as an attempt to erase American heritage. Despite this, many states and cities continue to observe Indigenous Peoples' Day or have replaced Columbus Day entirely, reflecting ongoing tensions and differing perspectives on historical legacy. In summary, Columbus Day was removed or replaced in several places because of the controversial legacy of Columbus's actions against Indigenous peoples, with Indigenous Peoples' Day intended to provide a more balanced and respectful commemoration.