Based on the detailed information found:
- Abai studied Oriental classical literature at a religious school (madrasa) and also studied Russian authors like Tolstoy, Dostoyevsky, Pushkin, and Turgenev later on. He additionally learned languages including Russian, Arabic, and Persian. His literary study also included Western European classics and philosophers.
- He stopped working with his father, who was leading the local community, because the role did not interest him. At age 28, he decided to follow his literary interests and study literature instead.
- Abai began writing poetry at the age of 12, though he initially did not sign the poems with his own name. The first poem he wrote under his own name was "Summer" when he was 31.
- He translated works by great European poets such as Goethe, Byron, and Pushkin. His translation repertoire included around fifty classic Russian works of literature, including the Russian classic "Eugene Onegin".
- The "Book of Words" is a philosophical work consisting of Abai's thoughts on Kazakh life, behavior, and wisdom, rather than a fictional book.
This summary addresses all the posed questions about Abai's education, literary activity, and translations.