american revolution

The American Revolution, also known as the American Revolutionary War or the American War of Independence, was an armed conflict from April 19, 1775, to September 3, 1783. It was fought between thirteen of Great Britain's North American colonies and the British Empire, leading to the colonies' independence and the founding of the United States of America. The conflict involved major battles such as the Battles of Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Yorktown, where American forces under George Washington defeated the British. The war ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1783, in which Great Britain recognized the independence of the United States. The roots of the revolution lie in rising tensions and disputes after the British victory in the Seven Years' War (French and Indian War), with key issues including taxation without representation (e.g., Stamp Act, Townshend Acts), military occupation, and restrictions imposed by British Parliament. The American colonists initially sought greater autonomy but eventually pursued full independence, formalized with the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The war included international involvement, notably French support that was crucial in the American victory. Overall, the American Revolution resulted in the first large-scale modern nation established as a federal constitutional republic with a written constitution, emphasizing the rule of law and consent of the governed.