an unwanted program running on a computer is called a

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Nature

An unwanted program running on a computer is commonly called a "Potentially Unwanted Program" (PUP). PUPs are software that users may have consented to install but they cause unwanted effects such as intrusive advertisements, browser hijacking, slowing down the system, or tracking activity without providing clear value. They are distinct from malware but can still negatively affect computer performance and user experience.

Other similar terms for unwanted programs include malware, adware, spyware, and viruses, depending on the nature and severity of the unwanted behavior. However, PUP is a common umbrella term for software that is unwanted mainly due to annoyance or performance issues rather than outright malicious intent.