Coyotes are generally not dangerous to humans, as attacks are very rare. Coyotes tend to avoid people, even when living close to urban areas. Most coyote attacks occur when they have become habituated to humans, often due to feeding by people or when defending their territory or cornered. There have only been two confirmed fatal coyote attacks on humans in North America—one involving a child in California in the 1980s and another involving an adult woman in Nova Scotia in 2009. Attacks are more likely in urban areas where coyotes lose their fear of humans and can become bolder, sometimes leading to aggressive behaviors toward pets and people. Overall, attacks on humans are uncommon and avoidable by following safety guidelines and not feeding coyotes.