are dogs sentient

Dogs are considered sentient beings, meaning they have the capacity to experience emotions such as joy, fear, pain, and love. Scientific research, including studies with brain imaging and behavioral tests, shows that dogs possess emotional intelligence, social cognition, and a level of self- awareness, though their self-awareness may differ from humans'. For example, they do not pass the mirror test used for self-recognition but demonstrate self-awareness through other senses and behaviors. Overall, dogs are widely recognized as sentient creatures with sophisticated cognitive and emotional capacities deserving ethical treatment and respect.