cairn terrier

The Cairn Terrier is a small terrier breed originating from the Scottish Highlands, recognized as one of Scotland's earliest working dogs. It was officially named the Cairn Terrier in 1909 after opposition to the initially proposed name "Short-haired Skye Terrier." The breed was historically used to flush out vermin from cairns—stone piles used as shelters for foxes and badgers. Cairn Terriers have a harsh, weather-resistant double coat with a soft undercoat and a rough outer coat. Their coat colors include black, cream, wheaten, red, sandy, gray, or brindled, but pure black, white, and black and tan are generally not accepted by kennel clubs. Brindled Cairns often change color as they age. They typically stand about 28 to 31 cm tall and weigh between 6 and 7.5 kg. Known for being lively, cheerful, and sometimes stubborn, Cairn Terriers are courageous and independent but affectionate and social. They have a strong prey drive due to their hunting backgrounds and love to dig and play. They get along well with children and other dogs if properly socialized but require consistent, clear training due to their stubborn nature. The breed is fairly healthy with a life expectancy around 13 to 14 years, though some hereditary health issues can occur, including cataracts, hip dysplasia, hypothyroidism, and some genetic diseases. Cairn Terriers adapt well to living in various environments, from apartments to farms, but need plenty of exercise and mental stimulation to prevent boredom and destructive behavior. Overall, they make energetic, loyal companions suited to active owners who can provide firm but loving leadership and ample opportunities for play and engagement.