Cats should not be left outside for long in cold weather, especially near or below freezing. Short, supervised outings can be OK, but they need easy access back to a warm, dry place.
How cold is too cold
Veterinarians generally advise keeping cats indoors once temperatures are around or below about 45°F (7°C), because the risk of hypothermia and frostbite rises quickly. Once it gets to freezing (32°F/0°C) or below, cold plus wind or wet fur can become dangerous even faster, especially for indoor cats not used to the weather.
Factors that change the risk
Long-haired, cold-adapted breeds and cats that live outdoors year-round tolerate cold better than short-haired or mostly indoor cats, but they are still at risk in freezing conditions. Kittens, seniors, underweight, or sick cats are more vulnerable and should be kept indoors when it is chilly.
Signs your cat is too cold
Warning signs include shivering, curling into a tight hunch, moving slowly, cold ears or paws, or acting weak or lethargic. Pale or bluish skin on ears, tail, or paws can indicate frostbite and needs prompt veterinary care.
Safety tips if they go out
If your cat insists on going out, keep trips very short in cold weather, and bring them in immediately if they seem reluctant to move, start shivering, or want back in. Provide a small, insulated, dry shelter off the ground, with straw or thermal bedding, and always have fresh, unfrozen water and extra food available.
Simple guideline to follow
As a rule of thumb, if it feels uncomfortably cold standing outside in just light clothing, it is too cold for a cat to stay out unsupervised. When in doubt, keep the cat indoors and ask a vet for advice tailored to your cat’s age, health, and coat type.
