Dogs can engage in same-sex sexual behaviors, such as mounting and thrusting, and this is relatively common in both male and female dogs, whether intact or neutered. However, scientists caution against labeling dogs as "gay" in the human sense because concepts like sexual orientation and romantic attraction are tied to human culture and cognitive awareness. Dogs do not have the same emotional or self-aware experience of sexuality as humans do; their behaviors may be motivated by play, dominance, excitement, anxiety, or other social factors rather than sexual preference. Therefore, while dogs can show same-sex behaviors, this does not necessarily mean they are "gay" as humans understand it, but it is a natural part of canine behavior without the cultural context of human sexuality.