can dogs see in the dark

Dogs cannot see in complete darkness but can see much better in low light or dark conditions than humans. They rely on some light to stimulate photoreceptor cells in their eyes. Dogs have more light-sensitive rods in their retinas, larger pupils that allow more light in, and a special reflective layer behind the retina called the tapetum lucidum that enhances their night vision by reflecting light back onto the retina. These adaptations enable dogs to see up to five times better than humans in dim light, helping them detect shapes and motion even with minimal light. However, they do not have true night vision like some animals, meaning they still need some light to see. Dogs also compensate with their strong senses of smell and hearing in darkness.