Canada's oldest city is St. John's, located in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It was established in 1497 and claimed by the English under the Royal Charter of Queen Elizabeth I in 1583. St. John's is recognized as the oldest settlement in Canada and North America founded by Europeans that is still inhabited today.
While Quebec City, founded in 1608, is often noted as the oldest permanent settlement in mainland Canada, St. John's predates it by over a century.