The most recent Canadian federal election was held on April 28, 2025, to elect members of the House of Commons to the 45th Canadian Parliament. The Liberal Party won a minority government, securing 169 seats, just three seats short of the majority, with their highest popular vote share since 1980 at 43.8%. The Conservative Party came in second with 144 seats and 41.3% of the vote, marking their best performance in decades. Key election issues included cost of living, housing, crime, tariffs, and the threat of annexation from the U.S. under Donald Trump. The New Democratic Party (NDP) had their worst result historically, winning only seven seats and losing official party status.
Canada uses a "first-past-the-post" electoral system where the candidate with the most votes in each electoral district wins a seat in Parliament. The election had the highest voter turnout since 1993, with 69.5% of eligible voters participating.
Prime Minister Mark Carney, who succeeded Justin Trudeau, led the Liberals to this victory and emphasized unity and sovereignty against external pressures from the U.S. Conservative leader Pierre Poilievre lost his seat but remains party leader, with Andrew Scheer appointed interim leader in the House of Commons. A by-election was held to eventually return Poilievre to Parliament.
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