Contact dermatitis is a skin condition that develops as a reaction to a chemical or other substance. The condition can be categorized as irritant or allergic contact dermatitis. Irritant contact dermatitis is caused by skin injury, direct cytotoxic effects, or cutaneous inflammation from contact with an irritant. Symptoms may occur immediately and may persist if the irritant is unrecognized. Common substances that cause irritant contact dermatitis include battery acid, bleach, chlorinated water (like in pools), drain cleaners, kerosene, detergents, and pepper spray. Allergic contact dermatitis is caused by an allergic reaction to a substance, and symptoms may take several days to appear. Common substances that cause allergic contact dermatitis include poison ivy, nickel, fragrances, neomycin, balsam of Peru, and thimerosal.
If you suspect that you have contact dermatitis, it is important to identify the substance that is causing the reaction. A doctor can take a thorough medical history and examine your skin to diagnose the condition. Patch testing can also be done to identify the specific allergen that is causing the reaction.
Here are some details about the products that can cause contact dermatitis:
Irritant Contact Dermatitis
- Battery acid
- Bleach
- Chlorinated water (like in pools)
- Drain cleaners
- Kerosene
- Detergents
- Pepper spray
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
- Poison ivy
- Nickel
- Fragrances
- Neomycin
- Balsam of Peru
- Thimerosal
It is important to note that this is not an exhaustive list, and other substances can also cause contact dermatitis. If you notice irritation from a new product, stop using it immediately. Avoiding initial exposure to irritants can help prevent contact dermatitis. Try purchasing products labeled “hypoallergenic” or “unscented,” refrain from wearing latex gloves if you have a latex allergy, and wear long-sleeved shirts and pants when hiking in the wilderness.
