The government structure created by the Great Compromise established a bicameral legislature consisting of two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Representation in the House of Representatives is based on the population of each state, giving larger states more representatives. In contrast, the Senate grants equal representation to each state, with two senators regardless of population size. This arrangement balanced the interests of both large and small states, combining proportional representation in one chamber and equal state representation in the other. The House members are elected by the people, while initially, senators were elected by state legislatures. This bicameral system was designed to protect liberty, promote federalism, and ensure checks and balances in the legislative process.