Heel pain when walking is commonly caused by plantar fasciitis, an inflammation of the plantar fascia—a thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot connecting the heel bone to the toes. This condition typically causes sharp or stabbing pain under the heel, especially noticeable with the first steps in the morning or after long periods of sitting or standing. Other causes can include Achilles tendinitis, heel spurs, bursitis, fat pad atrophy, stress fractures, or nerve compression (such as tarsal tunnel syndrome).
Common Symptoms of Heel Pain When Walking
- Sharp or stabbing pain under the heel, often worse with the first steps after rest.
- Pain that lessens after moving but can return after prolonged standing or activity.
- Swelling, redness, or tenderness around the heel.
- Difficulty walking or standing due to pain.
Causes for Heel Pain When Walking
- Plantar fasciitis: Inflammation of the plantar fascia causing pain and stiffness, especially after inactivity.
- Achilles tendinitis: Inflammation of the Achilles tendon, causing pain at the back of the heel.
- Heel spurs: Bone spurs on the heel bone that can aggravate surrounding tissues.
- Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursae, causing swelling and aching pain.
- Fat pad atrophy: Loss of cushioning fat under the heel increases pressure and discomfort.
- Stress fractures: Small cracks in the heel bone due to repetitive force.
- Nerve compression (Tarsal tunnel syndrome): Causes burning, tingling, or shooting pain in the heel.
When to Seek Medical Advice
- Heel pain that persists beyond 2 weeks without improvement.
- Severe swelling, redness, inability to bear weight, or sharp injury-related pain.
- Signs of infection such as fever, pus, or spreading redness.
Self-care and Treatment Options
- Rest and avoid long periods of standing or walking.
- Use ice packs on the heel to reduce inflammation.
- Wear supportive shoes with cushioned heels and arch support.
- Use orthotic insoles or heel pads.
- Stretch the foot and calf muscles gently.
- Over-the-counter painkillers like paracetamol or ibuprofen can help.
- Seek professional assessment if pain persists or worsens.
If the pain in the heel when walking is strong, persistent, or associated with swelling or difficulty walking, consulting a healthcare provider is recommended for diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
