how can dna sequencing be used to identify genetic risk for certain diseases and disorders?

DNA sequencing can be used to identify genetic risk for certain diseases and disorders by analyzing the genome to detect mutations or variants associated with these conditions. It enables the identification of inherited genetic conditions (autosomal or sex-linked recessive and dominant disorders) as well as multifactorial diseases influenced by both genetics and environment, such as diabetes, hypertension, and certain cancers. DNA sequencing can reveal mutations in disease-related genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2, which increase cancer risk, and it can guide personalized medicine, including drug response and preventive lifestyle choices. Overall, it supports early diagnosis, risk assessment, family planning, and tailored treatment strategies based on an individual's genetic makeup.