Peonies should be planted with the crown just at or slightly below the soil surface. The exact depth depends on the type (herbaceous vs. shrub), but a safe rule of thumb is to plant shallow enough that the crown is about 1 inch (2–3 cm) below the soil surface for herbaceous peonies, and a touch deeper for shrubby varieties if needed to fit the crown shape. Direct planting guidance:
- Choose a sunny, well-drained spot.
- Dig a hole wide enough for the roots and deep enough so the crown sits about 1 inch below the soil.
- Spread the roots evenly in the hole and backfill gently, firming the soil as you go.
- Water well after planting to settle the soil, and mulch lightly to keep moisture even.
Notes and variations:
- If you’re planting the roots in heavy soil, you may reduce depth slightly to avoid keeping the crown too deep.
- In very well-drained loamy soil, 1 inch below the surface is typically ideal; in clay-heavy soil, a shallower depth helps prevent rot.
- Space herbaceous peonies about 3 to 4 feet apart to allow for spread; shrubs may need more space (often up to 4–5 feet or more, depending on cultivar).
Common pitfalls to avoid:
- Planting too deeply is a frequent cause of poor flowering or failure to emerge.
- Planting in poorly drained soil increases rot risk; improve drainage or mound the planting area if necessary.
- Disturbing established peonies around crown depth can reduce blooms for a season; aim for minimal disturbance once established.
If you’d like, I can tailor the depth guidance to your exact peony type (herbaceous, intersectional, or tree/shrub peony) and your soil type.
