how did paul die in the bible

Paul is traditionally believed to have died as a martyr in Rome, most likely by beheading during or shortly after Nero’s persecutions (approximately in the late 60s AD). The Bible itself does not narrate Paul's death; the New Testament ends with him in Rome under house arrest (Acts 28), but later early Christian writers and historians say he was martyred, commonly alongside Peter, though exact details vary by source. The strongest traditional consensus across patristic sources is that Paul was beheaded because of his status as a Roman citizen, which typically led to beheading rather than crucifixion. If you’d like, I can summarize the main traditional accounts and how different early writers describe Paul's death, along with what modern scholars say about the evidence.