To know if you have a herniated disc, watch for symptoms that vary depending on the severity and location of the injury. Common signs include:
- Sharp, burning, or shooting pain in the lower back, buttocks, legs, or feet if the herniation is in the lower back, or pain in the neck, shoulder, or arm if in the cervical spine.
- Numbness or tingling sensations, often radiating in the area served by the affected nerves.
- Muscle weakness in areas near the pain, which can affect movement or grip.
- Pain often worsens during activities like coughing, sneezing, sitting, or bending.
- Symptoms are typically on one side of the body.
Sometimes, herniated discs cause no symptoms and are found incidentally on spinal imaging. To confirm whether you have a herniated disc, a medical doctor will conduct a physical exam, checking for painful spots, muscle strength, reflexes, and nerve sensitivity. Tests like X-rays, MRI, CT scans, or nerve studies may be ordered to pinpoint the herniation and nerve involvement. Seek urgent medical care if symptoms include severe leg or arm weakness, loss of bladder or bowel control, or numbness in the genital or rectal area, as these suggest serious complications. In summary, recognizing a herniated disc involves noting typical pain patterns, neurological symptoms, and getting a proper medical evaluation for diagnosis and treatment planning.
