A dog is in labor when she shows several specific signs including nesting behavior, a drop in body temperature below 100°F, restlessness or wanting more or less attention, vomiting, shivering, panting, loss of appetite, and visible contractions or a hardened abdomen. Labor typically starts within 24 hours after her body temperature drops. The dog may also lick her genital area frequently due to vaginal discharge, and her mammary glands tend to enlarge as she prepares to feed the puppies. The full labor process is divided into three stages: early contractions and nesting, delivery of puppies, and delivery of placentas with possible rests in between puppies.
Key signs to watch for:
- Nesting or digging for a safe spot to deliver
- Body temperature falling below 100°F about 24 hours before labor
- Restlessness and changes in behavior (panting, shivering)
- Vomiting or loss of appetite
- Abdominal contractions or hardened belly
- Enlargement of mammary glands and initial milk production
Monitoring these signs closely will help you know when your dog is going into labor and when to prepare for the puppies' arrival.
