They test for appendicitis using a combination of clinical evaluation and laboratory and imaging tests.
Clinical Examination
- The healthcare provider takes a history of symptoms and does a physical exam, checking for pain in the lower right abdomen. They may apply pressure to the area and look for pain upon release (rebound tenderness) and guarding (muscle stiffening).
- Sometimes, a digital rectal exam or pelvic exam is performed to rule out other causes of pain.
Laboratory Tests
- Blood tests check for signs of infection and inflammation, such as a high white blood cell count and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP).
- Urine tests help rule out urinary tract infection or kidney stones.
- In females, a pregnancy test may also be done.
Imaging Tests
- Imaging such as abdominal ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI are used to visualize the appendix and confirm the diagnosis.
- CT scans are highly accurate and often preferred in adults, while ultrasound is commonly used in children and pregnant women due to no radiation exposure.
In summary, diagnosis involves a thorough history, physical exam, blood and urine tests, and imaging studies to confirm or rule out appendicitis.
