You know you are operating your vessel at a safe speed when you are traveling at a speed that allows you enough time and distance to take proper and effective action to avoid collisions and stop safely, considering the current environmental and navigational conditions. Safe speed is not a fixed number but depends on factors such as visibility, weather, water traffic, vessel maneuverability, water depth, and any navigation hazards. Key points for determining safe speed include:
- Visibility conditions like fog, rain, or darkness.
- Wind and current conditions.
- Amount of traffic and proximity to other vessels or obstacles.
- Maneuverability and stopping distance of your vessel.
- Adherence to any posted speed limits or no-wake zones.
- Environmental factors such as night time, shallow water, or navigational hazards.
- Using all available means (like radar, GPS) cautiously, since they may have limitations.
The central idea is to choose a speed that gives you maximum reaction time to avoid danger and reduces risk, damage, and collisions. This judgment is the watchkeeper or operator's responsibility and should be continuously re- assessed as conditions change.
