Asparagus grows as a perennial vegetable starting from crowns, which are one- year-old roots with buds. Farmers or gardeners plant these crowns about 15 to 20 cm (6 to 8 inches) deep in well-prepared soil, usually in trenches enriched with organic matter like compost or manure. The crowns are spaced about 30 to 45 cm (12 to 18 inches) apart, with rows about 45 cm (18 inches) apart, ensuring good drainage and sunlight exposure
. Once planted, asparagus crowns develop underground roots and shoots that emerge in spring as spears. These spears grow rapidly and are harvested when they reach about 6 to 8 inches tall and around ⅜ inches thick. The first harvest typically occurs the year after planting and lasts about two weeks, with subsequent harvests extending longer in following years. After the harvest season, the asparagus is allowed to grow into tall, fern-like foliage, which helps the plant store energy in its roots for the next season
. Asparagus prefers a sunny, sheltered site with well-drained soil, ideally with a pH between 6.5 and 7.5. It requires minimal watering once established and benefits from mulching to retain moisture and suppress weeds. Regular weeding by hand is important to protect the shallow roots. The plants can live and produce for 15 to 20 years if properly cared for, including feeding with balanced fertilizer and supporting the tall stems during the growing season to prevent damage
. In summary, asparagus grows from planted crowns that establish roots underground, sending up edible spears each spring. Proper soil preparation, spacing, watering, and care allow asparagus to thrive as a long-lasting perennial crop
