Melanoma kills by spreading (metastasizing) from the original skin tumor to other parts of the body such as lymph nodes, lungs, liver, brain, or bones. When melanoma cells invade the lymphatic system or bloodstream, they can establish new tumors in vital organs, disrupting their function and leading to organ failure and death. Advanced melanoma is very aggressive, and when it metastasizes beyond the original site, the chance of cure drops significantly. The organs affected stop working properly due to tumor growth and the body's overall health deteriorates, which can lead to death. In addition, complications such as infections, blood clots, or respiratory failure can also contribute to mortality in melanoma patients.
More specifically:
- Early melanomas confined to the skin are highly treatable with a high survival rate.
- Once melanoma spreads to regional lymph nodes, risk of death rises.
- When melanoma spreads to distant organs (distant metastasis), it accounts for most deaths, causing organ failure.
- Melanoma can also indirectly cause death through complications like blood clots or immune system effects from treatments.
In summary, melanoma kills primarily by spreading systemically and causing vital organ failure and serious health complications.
