The Earth is moving through space at several different speeds depending on the reference frame:
- Earth rotates on its axis at up to about 1,600 kilometers per hour (1,000 mph) at the equator.
- Earth orbits the Sun at an average speed of about 107,000 kilometers per hour (66,500 mph), or roughly 29.78 kilometers per second.
- The Sun, with the Earth and the rest of the Solar System, orbits around the center of the Milky Way galaxy at about 720,000 to 900,000 kilometers per hour (200 to 250 kilometers per second).
- The Milky Way itself moves through intergalactic space at speeds of over 2 million kilometers per hour toward other galaxy clusters.
Overall, the total motion of Earth through space relative to the cosmic microwave background radiation, considering Earth's rotation, orbit around the Sun, solar orbit around the galaxy, and galaxy cluster movement, comes out to roughly 1.3 million kilometers per hour (about 368 kilometers per second). In summary, the Earth is hurtling through space at speeds ranging from roughly 1,600 km/h on its surface rotation up to over a million kilometers per hour as part of its galactic and universal motions.
