Bald eagles typically live around 20 to 30 years in the wild, with many sources converging on this range. Some individuals have been documented living longer, with the oldest confirmed wild bald eagle reaching about 38 years of age. In captivity, where they are protected from natural dangers and receive regular food and veterinary care, bald eagles can live significantly longer, sometimes reaching 40 to 50 years
. However, many bald eagles do not reach these maximum ages due to high mortality rates in their early years, with about 70-80% dying before reaching adulthood at five years old. Causes of death include natural factors like predation and starvation, as well as human-related threats such as collisions with vehicles, electrocution from power lines, lead poisoning, and environmental contaminants
. In summary:
- Wild lifespan: typically 20-30 years, with some living up to 38 years
- Captivity lifespan: can exceed 40 years, occasionally up to 50 years
- High juvenile mortality reduces average lifespan in the wild
