The United States has experienced 20 government shutdowns since the current budget process was established in 1976. These 20 shutdowns have resulted from 20 funding gaps, with 10 of those funding gaps leading to full shutdowns. The longest government shutdown in history lasted 35 days, occurring from December 2018 to January 2019. Shutdowns vary in length and impact, but they typically occur when Congress fails to agree on budget appropriations before the fiscal year deadline, leading to the closure of non-essential services until a new budget is passed.