how many people did biden pardon during his presidency

During his presidency, Joe Biden issued a total of 80 pardons. In addition, he granted 4,165 commutations, making a total of 4,245 acts of clemency over his four-year tenure. Biden's number of pardons is relatively low compared to other presidents, but his number of commutations is the highest on record, more than double that of Barack Obama, who granted 1,715 commutations during his eight years in office. Biden also issued significant pardons by proclamation and preemptive pardons to several high-profile individuals. Most of his clemency acts were granted in the final fiscal year of his presidency, with 96% issued between October 2024 and January 20, 2025.