The number of people who perished in the North Tower when it collapsed on September 11, 2001, is estimated to be around 1,600. This includes approximately 1,344 to 1,426 individuals who were above the 91st floor when American Airlines Flight 11 crashed between floors 93 and 99. Hundreds of people were killed instantly by the impact and the ensuing fires, while others were trapped and died from smoke inhalation, fire, or the collapse itself. The North Tower had severe damage to all three main stairways in the impact zone, preventing escape for those above the crash site, and many perished trapped in the upper floors.