In football (soccer), teams are now permitted to make a maximum of five substitutions during a match. These five substitutions must be made within three opportunities or windows during the game, not counting halftime, which is an additional opportunity to make changes. If the match goes into extra time, one additional substitution is allowed, making a possible total of six substitutions in such cases. This rule applies widely in professional football, including the Premier League and FIFA competitions, and was made permanent after being introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic to aid player welfare and manage fixture congestion.
Additionally, concussion substitutes are allowed beyond these five subs for player safety but do not count within the substitution limit.
