A dislocated knee is a very serious injury. It usually results from significant trauma such as a high-speed car accident, a severe sports injury, or a major fall. This injury causes the thighbone (femur) and shinbone (tibia) to be displaced from their normal positions, leading to severe pain, swelling, instability, and an inability to bear weight or move the leg. The seriousness of a dislocated knee lies in the common damage to multiple knee ligaments, surrounding soft tissues, nerves, and blood vessels. Vascular injury is a major concern since it can disrupt blood supply to the lower leg, potentially leading to tissue death and even amputation if not treated within hours. Nerve damage occurs in up to 35% of cases and can cause numbness or weakness. Other complications include deep venous thrombosis, acute compartment syndrome, persistent instability, arthritis, and loss of motion. Immediate medical attention is crucial for diagnosis, reduction (putting the knee back in place), and treatment, often including surgery. In summary, a dislocated knee is an urgent orthopedic emergency with potentially limb-threatening complications. Prompt emergency care, including evaluation of vascular and nerve status, imaging, and often surgical repair, is critical to minimize long-term disability and preserve leg function.
