Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a serious heart condition characterized by an irregular heartbeat that can lead to dangerous complications such as blood clots, stroke, heart failure, and even death. It significantly increases the risk of stroke—about fivefold—and can double the risk of death. Many people with AFib may not notice symptoms, but the condition still poses a high risk of severe outcomes, making diagnosis and management critical. AFib is progressive and can worsen without treatment, requiring medical intervention to control heart rhythm and reduce stroke risk through medications or procedures. The life expectancy of people diagnosed with AFib can be shorter compared to those without it, with the risk varying by age at diagnosis.
Serious Complications
- Blood clots can form in the heart due to irregular pumping and travel to the brain, causing strokes.
- Heart failure may develop as the heart's ability to pump blood efficiently is compromised.
- The risk of death is doubled in people with AFib compared to those without it.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
- Symptoms vary widely and can include palpitations, dizziness, fatigue, chest pain, and shortness of breath—or no symptoms at all.
- Diagnosis is typically made with an electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG), which records the heart's electrical activity.
Treatment and Management
- No cure exists for AFib, but treatments focus on controlling heart rhythm or rate and preventing stroke with anticoagulants (blood thinners).
- Treatment may involve medications, lifestyle changes, and procedures such as ablation or device implantation.
AFib should be taken seriously due to its potential to cause life-threatening events, and early diagnosis and management improve outcomes significantly. Regular medical follow-up is essential for managing the condition effectively.
