To become a dentist, one generally follows these key steps:
- Earn a bachelor's degree: Typically in a science-related field such as biology or chemistry, although any major is acceptable. Taking courses in chemistry, physics, and biology is especially helpful to prepare for dental school.
- Take the Dental Admission Test (DAT): This is a standardized exam testing knowledge in natural sciences, perceptual ability, reading comprehension, and quantitative reasoning that is required for dental school admission.
- Complete dental school: Enroll in and graduate from an accredited dental program, usually lasting four years, resulting in a Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS) or Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD) degree. The first two years focus on classroom studies, and the last two years provide clinical experience.
- Obtain licensure: This requires passing the National Board Dental Examinations (NBDE) or Integrated National Board Dental Examination (INBDE), along with a practical clinical exam required by the state licensing board.
- (Optional) Choose a specialization: Dentists may further specialize in areas such as orthodontics, periodontics, oral surgery, or pediatric dentistry by completing additional residency training which can last 2-6 years.
- Start practicing: After licensure (and specialization if chosen), dentists can apply for jobs or start their own dental practice.
These steps typically take about 8 years or more of post-secondary education and training, not including additional specialization time. Practical experience such as internships or shadowing dentists is also highly recommended during undergraduate studies to strengthen applications to dental school.
