To become a professor, the general pathway involves several key educational and professional steps:
Educational Pathway
- Earn a Bachelor's Degree
This is the foundational step. You should choose a major related to the subject you want to teach. Strong academic performance and involvement in research projects during your undergraduate studies can prepare you for graduate school
- Complete Graduate School
- Pursue a master's degree and then a PhD in your chosen field. A PhD is typically required to become a professor, as it demonstrates expertise and the ability to conduct independent research
* During graduate studies, focus on coursework, research, and completing a thesis or dissertation that contributes new knowledge to your field.
Professional Experience and Qualifications
- Postdoctoral Research and Publications
After earning a PhD, many aspiring professors complete one or more postdoctoral research positions to deepen their expertise, gain international experience, and build a strong publication record in reputable academic journals
- Habilitation or Equivalent Qualification (in some countries)
In Germany and some other European countries, an additional qualification called habilitation is often required. This involves producing a substantial academic work beyond the PhD and is a prerequisite to apply for professorships
- Develop a Research Profile and Teaching Experience
Professors are expected to conduct research, publish regularly, teach courses, supervise students, and contribute to academic administration and community service
Job Application and Appointment
- Apply for Professorship Positions
Once qualified, you can apply for open professor positions. This process often includes interviews and may require securing funding for your research group
- Networking and Professional Development
Building a professional network through conferences, seminars, and academic collaborations is important for learning about job opportunities and advancing your academic career
Summary of Key Steps to Become a Professor
- Earn a bachelor’s degree in a relevant field
- Complete a master’s degree and then a PhD
- Gain postdoctoral research experience and publish work
- (In some countries) Complete habilitation or equivalent
- Build teaching and research credentials
- Apply for professorship positions and succeed in interviews
- Engage in ongoing professional networking and development
This pathway can vary by country and academic discipline, but these are the core stages to becoming a university professor
