To treat a concussion, the primary approach is to ensure both physical and mental rest to allow the brain to recover. Here are the key steps:
- Rest: Avoid physical activities, sports, and cognitive strain for at least the first 24 to 48 hours. This includes limiting screen time, work, and study
- Pain relief: Use paracetamol (acetaminophen) to relieve headaches initially. Avoid aspirin, ibuprofen, or other anti-inflammatory drugs in the first 24 hours due to bleeding risk; after that, these may be used if needed
- Avoid alcohol and recreational drugs: These can worsen symptoms and delay recovery
- Gradual return to activity: Follow a graduated return-to-activity plan, slowly increasing physical and cognitive activities over time, typically taking a minimum of 21 days before returning to full normal life or sports
- Monitor symptoms: If symptoms worsen or persist beyond a few weeks, seek medical evaluation for possible further treatment such as physical therapy or medications for residual symptoms like headaches or dizziness
- Additional supportive care: Eating well, getting plenty of restful sleep, and avoiding further head trauma are important
- For more active recovery: After the initial rest period, gentle cardiovascular exercise (avoiding head jostling) and cognitive stimulation may help speed recovery, along with techniques to calm the autonomic nervous system, such as controlled breathing or relaxation methods
In summary, concussion treatment centers on rest, symptom management, avoiding harmful substances, and a careful, gradual return to normal activities under medical guidance. Persistent or severe symptoms require professional care
