The treatment of depression typically involves a combination of self-help strategies, talking therapies, and medication, depending on the type and severity of depression.
Treatment Approaches by Severity
- Mild Depression : May involve a "wait and see" approach initially, guided self-help (often based on cognitive behavioural therapy or CBT), exercise, and sometimes talking therapies like counselling and CBT. Group exercise classes and self-help workbooks or online courses might be recommended.
- Moderate to Severe Depression : Often treated with a combination of antidepressant medications and talking therapies (CBT, interpersonal therapy, counselling). Referral to mental health teams including psychologists, psychiatrists, and nurses may be necessary.
Talking Therapies
- Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) helps change negative thought and behavioral patterns.
- Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) focuses on improving personal relationships.
- Behavioural Activation therapy encourages engagement in social activities.
- Mindfulness-based therapies are also used to manage and prevent depression.
Medications
- Antidepressants are commonly prescribed for moderate to severe depression.
- Lithium may be used if antidepressants are not effective.
- Herbal remedies like St John’s Wort exist but are not generally recommended due to variability and interaction risks.
Other Treatments
- Brain stimulation therapies (electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation) are options for treatment-resistant severe depression.
- Lifestyle changes like regular exercise are beneficial.
- Psychological therapies can be provided in face-to-face or alternative formats including online.
Summary
Effective depression treatment is personalized and may combine multiple approaches such as medication, psychotherapy, exercise, self-help, and sometimes advanced interventions when necessary. Early consultation with a healthcare professional is important to determine the best treatment plan.
