To write a case report effectively, follow this structured approach based on expert guidelines:
Structure of a Case Report
1. Title
- Should be concise, informative, and include the phrase "case report" to help readers locate it easily
2. Abstract
- Summarize the case, the problem addressed, and the key message in about 100-150 words
- Write the abstract after completing the full report for clarity
3. Introduction
- Briefly introduce the medical problem and its relevance.
- Highlight the uniqueness or rarity of the case and its contribution to existing literature
- End with a sentence describing the patient and the basic condition.
4. Case Description
- Present the patient’s details in a clear, chronological narrative including:
- Patient demographics and clinical history
- Physical examination findings
- Results of investigations (lab tests, imaging, pathology)
- Treatment plan and rationale
- Outcome and follow-up
- Avoid unnecessary details; focus on important positive and negative findings
5. Discussion
- Explain why the case is noteworthy and its significance to clinical practice.
- Review relevant literature, comparing your case with existing knowledge and theories
- Discuss the implications for diagnosis, treatment, or understanding of the condition.
- Highlight any lessons learned and how this case may influence future practice or research
6. Conclusion or Summary Points
- Some journals require a brief conclusion summarizing the key learning points in bullet form
- Emphasize the clinical or scientific message of the report
Additional Tips
- Write the report in one continuous draft to maintain flow, then edit for clarity and conciseness
- Use tables, figures, or images to enhance clarity and engagement if appropriate
- Follow the specific format and author guidelines of the target journal closely
- Discuss with your medical team or supervisor to refine the report and explore publication or presentation options
This format ensures your case report is clear, focused, and valuable to the medical community.
