how was albert einstein so smart

Albert Einstein was considered extremely smart, with an estimated IQ around 160, which is in the genius range, although he never took an official IQ test. His remarkable intelligence stemmed from a combination of unique brain features, strong determination, and a deep passion for understanding complex scientific problems. Studies of his brain revealed that his prefrontal cortex, responsible for higher-level abstract thought, was more complexly folded than typical, possibly enhancing his ability to carry out profound thought experiments. In addition, parts of his brain related to visuospatial processing and mathematical skills also showed unusual development, which may have contributed to his extraordinary intellectual abilities. Beyond natural features, his upbringing allowed him to focus intensely on his interests, particularly math and physics, reinforcing his strengths and fostering independent thinking. He was also known for his persistence and stubbornness, which helped him push through challenging scientific problems. In essence, Einstein's intelligence was a blend of innate brain anatomy advantages, a nurturing environment that supported his passions, and a relentless work ethic and curiosity that fueled his groundbreaking discoveries in physics.