Hydrating products add water to the skin and help to trap water, while moisturizing products improve the skin by decreasing water loss. Hydrating ingredients attract water to the outermost layer of the skin, while moisturizing ingredients lubricate the skin to prevent water from escaping. Some ingredients, such as humectants, do both.
Here are some examples of hydrating ingredients:
- Honey
- Gelatin
- Urea
- Sorbitol
- Panthenol
- Glycerin
- Hyaluronic acid
- Alpha hydroxy acids
And here are some examples of moisturizing ingredients:
- Occlusives: These are oils and lipids that form a layer on the skin to prevent water loss. Examples include petrolatum, beeswax, mineral oil, and lanolin.
- Emollients: These strengthen the skin barrier function and promote an improvement in the skin’s appearance and texture. Examples include fatty acids and fatty alcohols.
- Protein rejuvenators: These are proteins that replenish essential proteins that may rejuvenate the skin. Examples include collagen, keratin, and elastin.
Its important to note that many products labeled as moisturizers contain hydrating ingredients in addition to moisturizing emollients and occlusives. Moisturizers may also contain antioxidants, ceramides, emulsifiers, fragrances, penetration enhancers, preservatives, and solvents.
When choosing a hydrating product, look for ingredients with “hydrating molecules that help to absorb water, like hyaluronic acid” . For moisturizing products, look for occlusives and emollients that form a barrier on the skin to prevent water loss. Its also important to consider your skin type and the concerns youre trying to address when choosing the right combination of hydrating and moisturizing ingredients.
