In addition to winning by checkmate, a chess game can also be won in these ways:
- Resignation: The opponent concedes defeat voluntarily, usually when they see a forced checkmate coming, have lost significant material, or are in a hopeless position.
- Winning on time: If the opponent runs out of time on their clock in a timed game, the other player wins regardless of the position on the board.
- Forfeiture or no-show: If the opponent does not show up or forfeits the game without making moves, the other player wins by default.
These methods allow a player to win even without delivering a checkmate on the board, reflecting strategic superiority, time management, or opponent's withdrawal.
