The recent conflict between India and Pakistan occurred primarily in the disputed region of Kashmir, which is divided into Indian-administered Kashmir and Pakistan-administered Kashmir along the Line of Control (LoC). The immediate trigger was a militant attack on 22 April 2025 near Pahalgam in Indian-administered Kashmir, killing 26 civilians. India accused Pakistan- based militant groups of orchestrating the attack, which Pakistan denied
. Following this, from the night of 6–7 May 2025, India launched missile and air strikes targeting militant camps in both Pakistan-administered Kashmir and Pakistan proper, in an operation called "Operation Sindoor." The strikes hit nine sites, including alleged terrorist training camps, but India claimed it avoided Pakistani military or civilian facilities. Pakistan reported civilian casualties and claimed Indian strikes hit civilian areas including mosques. Pakistan retaliated with missile and drone strikes on Indian military bases and civilian areas, leading to a four-day military conflict
. The conflict was concentrated along the Line of Control in Kashmir and included strikes inside Pakistan territory, including airbases near Rawalpindi, Lahore, and Karachi. Both countries engaged in cross-border firing, drone battles, and missile attacks. The hostilities ended with a ceasefire agreement on 10 May 2025 after diplomatic communications
. In summary, the conflict took place mainly in the Kashmir region (both Indian-administered and Pakistan-administered parts) and extended into Pakistani territory with missile and air strikes. The Line of Control remains the central flashpoint for these clashes
