Static electricity is usually not dangerous in everyday situations, but it can be hazardous in certain environments and conditions. For most people, the small shocks from doorknobs, clothes, or carpets are just annoying because the total energy is very low.
Everyday shocks
The static shocks you feel at home, in a car, or after walking on carpet typically cause only brief discomfort, even though the voltage can be very high. These discharges are too short and low-energy to injure a healthy person under normal circumstances.
When it can be dangerous
Static electricity becomes dangerous when there are flammable gases, vapors, dusts, or powders that can be ignited by a spark. In places like fuel handling areas, chemical plants, or some manufacturing lines, an electrostatic spark can trigger fire or explosion if it occurs in a flammable atmosphere.
Effects on people
Stronger static discharges can startle someone and lead to secondary accidents, such as falls when working at height or near machinery. People with heart problems or implanted devices may, in rare cases, be more sensitive to shocks that would otherwise be harmless.
Effects on electronics and equipment
Static discharge can damage sensitive electronic components, even when the person does not feel a shock. This is why workplaces that handle electronics use grounding straps, antistatic mats, and controlled humidity to prevent buildup.
How to stay safe
To reduce any risk, especially around fuels or electronics, common measures include proper grounding, bonding of containers, antistatic clothing or footwear, and keeping humidity at reasonable levels. Avoid activities that generate a lot of static (like rapid pouring or rubbing of plastics) near flammable vapors or dusts.
